{"id":1474,"date":"2019-11-25T15:25:18","date_gmt":"2019-11-25T15:25:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/?p=1474"},"modified":"2020-02-18T10:53:42","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T10:53:42","slug":"accessible-pdfs-document-structure-2-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/posts\/1474","title":{"rendered":"Accessible PDFs &#8211; Document Structure (2\/5)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>This is the second post of Accessible PDFs series of blogs. You can view the first post from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/posts\/1463\">Accessible PDFs \u2013 Creating a PDF (1\/5)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>These posts are inspired by\u00a0these three very useful articles:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/accessibility\/products\/acrobat\/pdf-repair-repair-tables.html\">PDF Accessibility Repair: Examine and Repair Tables<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/pdf-print-devils-format-alistair-mcnaught\">PDF \u2013 the Print Devli\u2019s Format?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/webaim.org\/techniques\/acrobat\/\">PDF Accessibility<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In this post I am looking at the document structure which you can look at using the Accessibility pane.\u00a0 According to <a href=\"https:\/\/acrobat.adobe.com\/za\/en\/acrobat\/pricing\/compare-versions.html\">Adobe Acrobat feature comparison,<\/a> accessibility features are available in <strong>Acrobat XI Pro<\/strong>, <strong>Acrobat Pro 2017<\/strong> and <strong>Acrobat Pro DC<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2>Add Accessibility Panel<\/h2>\n<p>If you have never used this feature you will have to add Accessibility tool by going to T<strong>ools &gt; Accessibility &gt; Add<\/strong>. Because I have already added this in my computer I am using WebAIM guide&#8217;s image here.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"width: 593px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/webaim.org\/techniques\/acrobat\/media\/tools-tab.png\" alt=\"Add accessibility tool\" width=\"593\" height=\"492\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 1: Adding Accessibility Tool from\u00a0https:\/\/webaim.org\/techniques\/acrobat\/acrobat<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Once this is added you will be able to select the Accessibility pane from right-hand side bar.\u00a0Select <strong>Reading Order<\/strong> from the Accessibility pane.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1477\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1477\" style=\"width: 296px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/accessibility-pane.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-1477\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/accessibility-pane.jpg\" alt=\"Accessibility Pane\" width=\"296\" height=\"634\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/accessibility-pane.jpg 349w, https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/accessibility-pane-140x300.jpg 140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 296px) 100vw, 296px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1477\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 2: Accessibility Pane<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Document Structure<\/h2>\n<p>It is best to get the structure of the document corrected before worrying about its reading order. To with the document structure, select <strong>Structure types<\/strong> on Reading Order dialog to make sure each content type is correctly identified. If something is not correctly tagged you can fix it here.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1478\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1478\" style=\"width: 758px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/document-structure.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1478\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/document-structure-1024x769.jpg\" alt=\"Document Structure\" width=\"758\" height=\"569\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/document-structure-1024x769.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/document-structure-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/document-structure-768x577.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/document-structure.jpg 1114w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 758px) 100vw, 758px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1478\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 3: Document Structure<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>You can draw a box around the content you want inside the tag (you can draw the box a bit larger around the content for this) to select the content. Alternatively if there is already a box around it, clicking on the tag on top-left corner of the box to change the tag. When the content is selected the greyed out part of the Figure 3 (various content elements, H1, H2&#8230;, Paragraph, Figure, Table etc) will be activated so that you can select appropriate content type.<\/p>\n<p>Notice that despite using Word to create a table, table cells are labeled as paragraphs (P) rather than Cells (TD &#8211; table data cell or TH &#8211; table header cell). So how can you correct these in a document?<\/p>\n<h3>Tables<\/h3>\n<p>If you have tables make sure to mark table headers appropriately. For this select the table and go to <strong>Table Editor<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1482\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1482\" style=\"width: 758px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-editor.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1482 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-editor-1024x158.jpg\" alt=\"Table Editor\" width=\"758\" height=\"117\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-editor-1024x158.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-editor-300x46.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-editor-768x119.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-editor.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 758px) 100vw, 758px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1482\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 4: Table Editor option in Reading Order dialog<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>As soon as you select table editor you will be able to see the table outline highlighted. The colours can be changed using\u00a0 Table Editor Options but I am not going to talk much about that because I want to concentrate on document structure.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1483\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1483\" style=\"width: 503px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-highlighted.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1483\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-highlighted.jpg\" alt=\"Table in editing mode\" width=\"503\" height=\"205\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-highlighted.jpg 587w, https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-highlighted-300x122.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 503px) 100vw, 503px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1483\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 5: Table in editor mode<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Now select the cell and right-click. Select <strong>Table Cell Properties<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1484\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1484\" style=\"width: 472px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Cell.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1484\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Cell.jpg\" alt=\"Table Cell selection\" width=\"472\" height=\"239\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Cell.jpg 588w, https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Cell-300x152.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 472px) 100vw, 472px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1484\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 6: Table Cell selected to open Cell Properties<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Now in Table Cell Properties dialog select correct cell Type (Header Cell or Data Cell). If it is a Header cell, select the scope of the header cell. Assign attributes as required. If you have a complex table with multiple header rows\/columns cell IDs are needed. I am not discussing it here but you can head to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/accessibility\/products\/acrobat\/pdf-repair-repair-tables.html\">PDF Accessibility Repair: Examine and Repair Tables<\/a>\u00a0for more details.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1485\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1485\" style=\"width: 441px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Table-Cell-Properties.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1485\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Table-Cell-Properties.jpg\" alt=\"Table Cell Properties Dialog\" width=\"441\" height=\"434\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Table-Cell-Properties.jpg 554w, https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Table-Cell-Properties-300x295.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 441px) 100vw, 441px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1485\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 6: Table Cell Properties dialog<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Because my table has a column header I selected Column under Scope. After correctly assigning correct type to my table cells it looks as Figure 7.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1486\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1486\" style=\"width: 441px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1486 \" src=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table.jpg\" alt=\"Corrected table structure\" width=\"441\" height=\"207\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table.jpg 499w, https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-300x141.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 441px) 100vw, 441px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1486\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 7: Corrected table structure in table editor view<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>If you select <strong>Table Editor Options&#8230;<\/strong>\u00a0after right clicking the table in editor mode (Figure 8) and select <strong>Show cell type (TH or TD)<\/strong> under Label Option in the Table Editor Options dialog (Figure 9).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1498\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1498\" style=\"width: 445px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1498 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table.png\" alt=\"Table Editor Options \" width=\"445\" height=\"244\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table.png 445w, https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-300x164.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 445px) 100vw, 445px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1498\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 8: Table Editor Options<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1500\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1500\" style=\"width: 371px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-editor-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1500 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-editor-1.png\" alt=\"Table Editor Options Dialog\" width=\"371\" height=\"359\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-editor-1.png 371w, https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-editor-1-300x290.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 371px) 100vw, 371px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1500\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 9: Table Editor Options Dialog<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Now you should be able to see all the changes you have made to the table.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1501\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1501\" style=\"width: 449px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-header.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1501 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-header.png\" alt=\"Cell Type Label\" width=\"449\" height=\"175\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-header.png 449w, https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/table-header-300x117.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 449px) 100vw, 449px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1501\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 10: Cell Type Label displayed<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>You can correct the page structure this way.<\/p>\n<p>I tried document structure with a more complex table where there were merged cells etc.\u00a0 I think it is best to stick to simple tables. I will be writing another blog about making complex tables accessible.<\/p>\n<h3>No Tags<\/h3>\n<p>Left corner of each box will show what content type being identified. If you cannot see any boxes showing content encased in them it is likely that the PDF is not tagged.<\/p>\n<p>In the next post I will look at the reading order.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This is the second post of Accessible PDFs series of blogs. You can view the first post from\u00a0Accessible PDFs \u2013 Creating a PDF (1\/5). These&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":1481,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[26,134,133],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1474"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1474"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1474\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1579,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1474\/revisions\/1579"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1481"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1474"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1474"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ucem.ac.uk\/onlineeducation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1474"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}